In Sudan, Bin Laden established a new base for mujahideen operations in khartoum. He bought a house on Al-Mashtal Street in the affluent Al-Riyadh quarter and a retreat at Soba on the Blue Nile. During his time in the country he heavily invested in the infrastructure and in agriculture and businesses. He continued his verbal assault on King Fahd of Saudi demanding Bin laden's passport. His family was persuaded to cut off his $7 million a year stipend. By now Bin Laden was strongly associated with Egyptian Islamic jihad which made up the core of al-Qaeda. In 1995 the EIJ attempted to assassinate Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. The attempt failed, and the EIJ was expelled from Sudan.
As a result of his dealings in and advocacy of violent extremist jihad, Osama Bin Laden lost his Saudi citizenship in 1994 and was disowned by his billionaire family.
Sudan also began efforts to expek bin Laden. The 9/11 Commisssion Report states:
In late 1995, when Bin Laden was still in Sudan, the State Department and the Central Intelligence Agency(CIA) learned that Sudanese officials were discussing with Saudi government the possibility of expelling Bin Laden. CIA paramilitary officer Billy Waugh tracked down Bin Laden in the Sudan and prepared an operation to apprehend him, but was denied authorization.U.S Ambassador Timothy Carney encouraged the Sudanses to pursue this course. The Saudis, however, did not want Bin Laden giving as their reason their revocation of his citizenship. Sudan's minister of defense, Fatih Erwa, has claimed that Sudan offered to hand Bin Laden over to the United States. The Commision has found no credible evidence that this was so. Ambassador Carney had instructons only to push the Sudanese to expel Bin Laden. Ambassador Carney had no legal basis to ask for more from the Sudanese since, at the time, there was no indictment outstanding.
The 9/11 Commission Report Further States:
In February 1996, Sudanses officials began approaching officials from the United States and other governments, asking what actions of theirs might ease foreign pressure. In secret meetings with Saudi officials, Sudan offered to expel Bin Laden to Saudi Arabia and asked the Saudis to pardon him. U.S. officials became aware of these secret discussions, certainly by March. Saudi officials apparently wanted Bin Laden expelled from Sudan.They had already revoked his citizenship, however, and would not tolerate his presence in their country. Also Bin Laden may have no longer felt safe in Sudan, where he had already escaped at least one assassination attempt that he believed to have been the work of the Egyptian or Saudi regimes, or both.
In May 1996, under increasing pressure on Sudan,from Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and the United States, Bin Laden returned to Jalalabad, Afghanistan aboard a chartered flight, and there forged a close relationship with Mullah Mohammed Omer. When bin Laden left Sudan, he and his organization were significantly weakened, despite his ambitions and organizational skills. In Afghanistan, bin Laden and al-Qaeda raised money from "donors from the days of the Soviet jihad", and from the Pakistani Inter Services Intelligence(ISI) to establish more training camps for Mujahideen fighters.
Bin Laden effectively had hijacked Ariana Afghan Airlines, which ferried Islamic militants, arms cash and opium through the United Arab Emirates and Pakistan as well as provided false identifications to members of bin Laden's terrorist network. Viktor Bout helped to run the airline, maintaining planes and loading cargo. Michael Scheuer, head of the CIA's Bin Laden unit, concluded that Ariana was being used as a "terrorist taxi service".
As a result of his dealings in and advocacy of violent extremist jihad, Osama Bin Laden lost his Saudi citizenship in 1994 and was disowned by his billionaire family.
Sudan also began efforts to expek bin Laden. The 9/11 Commisssion Report states:
In late 1995, when Bin Laden was still in Sudan, the State Department and the Central Intelligence Agency(CIA) learned that Sudanese officials were discussing with Saudi government the possibility of expelling Bin Laden. CIA paramilitary officer Billy Waugh tracked down Bin Laden in the Sudan and prepared an operation to apprehend him, but was denied authorization.U.S Ambassador Timothy Carney encouraged the Sudanses to pursue this course. The Saudis, however, did not want Bin Laden giving as their reason their revocation of his citizenship. Sudan's minister of defense, Fatih Erwa, has claimed that Sudan offered to hand Bin Laden over to the United States. The Commision has found no credible evidence that this was so. Ambassador Carney had instructons only to push the Sudanese to expel Bin Laden. Ambassador Carney had no legal basis to ask for more from the Sudanese since, at the time, there was no indictment outstanding.
The 9/11 Commission Report Further States:
In February 1996, Sudanses officials began approaching officials from the United States and other governments, asking what actions of theirs might ease foreign pressure. In secret meetings with Saudi officials, Sudan offered to expel Bin Laden to Saudi Arabia and asked the Saudis to pardon him. U.S. officials became aware of these secret discussions, certainly by March. Saudi officials apparently wanted Bin Laden expelled from Sudan.They had already revoked his citizenship, however, and would not tolerate his presence in their country. Also Bin Laden may have no longer felt safe in Sudan, where he had already escaped at least one assassination attempt that he believed to have been the work of the Egyptian or Saudi regimes, or both.
In May 1996, under increasing pressure on Sudan,from Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and the United States, Bin Laden returned to Jalalabad, Afghanistan aboard a chartered flight, and there forged a close relationship with Mullah Mohammed Omer. When bin Laden left Sudan, he and his organization were significantly weakened, despite his ambitions and organizational skills. In Afghanistan, bin Laden and al-Qaeda raised money from "donors from the days of the Soviet jihad", and from the Pakistani Inter Services Intelligence(ISI) to establish more training camps for Mujahideen fighters.
Bin Laden effectively had hijacked Ariana Afghan Airlines, which ferried Islamic militants, arms cash and opium through the United Arab Emirates and Pakistan as well as provided false identifications to members of bin Laden's terrorist network. Viktor Bout helped to run the airline, maintaining planes and loading cargo. Michael Scheuer, head of the CIA's Bin Laden unit, concluded that Ariana was being used as a "terrorist taxi service".
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